ABOUT CURRICULUM VITAE NEWS RESIDENCIES ARTWORK ARCHIVE CONTACT BLOG

 

 
2025    
     
MI MIRADA DESDE ACÁ: MICROTALLER DE VIDEOCREACIÓN
Como parte del V Festival de videoartistas chinas

CentroCultural de España en Costa Rica
San José CR
 
     
 

ESTAMPACIÓN CONTEMPORÁNEA DE MÉXICO -JAPÓN

Museo de Arte Contemporáneo M8
Aguascalientes, Ags
.

 

 
     
 

TRACES
international Women's Art Online Exhibition

Organised by Chinese Feminist Artists Alliance

 

 
     
GESTAR PUENTES
O cómo el interés por una cultura promueve acciones insospechadas:
El festival de videoartistas chinas.

Online lecture for MUPGA, Universidad de Murcia.

 
     

PALESTINE ON THE SCREEN

A video cycle as part of my exhibitioon En la Cima las nubes,
From the summit the clouds

Centro Cultural Jardín Borda, Cuernavaca, Morelo

 

 
     
2024    
     

 

LIGHT IN A BOX

First series of Art Light boxes launch
Valle de Bravo & CDMX

 

 

 
     
TEXTS TO LOOK AT THE MIRROR

Dialoging on ageing at the Reading Circle at
Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo
Cuernavaca, Morelos

 

 
     

ICONOCLASIAS

Group show
Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo
Cuernavaca, Morelos

 

 
     
FROM THE SUMMIT, THE CLOUDS

Solo ink and paper exhibition
Centro Cultural jardín Borda, Cuernavaca

 
     

ENDLESS NOTES
a small prints exhibition

LAMULI, Cuernavaca, Morelos

 

 
     
MUSEA

A collective photographic exhibition to honour our ancesters
Centro de la Imagen, Querétaro.

 
     
YOUR BODY, YOURSELF

A workshop on self representation though video and photoperformance
Página en Blando

 
     
LIVING THE SEVENTIES

Talking about being 70 and living the seventies with Sol Carballo (CR) and
Jocelyn Marmottan (SP/MX)

CCECR live

 
     

IV FESTIVAL DE VIDEOARTISTAS CHINAS
Instituto Confucio en la Universidad de Costa Rica

San José, CR

 
 
     

LA VIDEOPERFORMANCE

13th edition of the international exhibition The Videoperformance 2024

Art Web Galllery, Centro d'arte mediale

 
     


LO QUE YA TENÍA NOMBRE /WHAT ALREADY HAD A NAME

Group show around immigration

Centro Cultural de España en México

 

 
     
STRETCHING TIME, AND DON'T CALL ME OLD LADY!

Curation y taller en el Centro Cultural de España en Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
 
     
PRAISE TO ALUMINUM SILICATE, IRON AND CARBON (WITHOUT FORGETTING HYDROGEN)

New work solo show
Pulquería San Juan Parrandero, Cuernavaca. Mor.
 
     


POLITICAL ART AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT

Management and support for artist Isidro López-Aparicio¿s lecture
Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo Juan Soriano, Cuernavaca, Mor.

 

 
     
 


INTERMISSION: AUDIO PORTRAIT FROM A AND B

An old collaboration with Jennie Savage & Echoes. Lisbon Architecture Triennale archives recovering

 

 
     
IV CHINESE FEMALE VIDEOARTISTS FESTIVAL

Centro Cultural Olimpo. Mérida, Yucatán.
 
     
2023    
     
WINTER GROUP SHOW

Posada del Tepozteco, Tepoztlán, Morelos.

 
     
GASTRONÓMICA
30 ARTISTAS CONTEMPORÁNEOS


Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo Juan Soriano
Cuernavaca, Morelos
 
     
20 YEARS OF ART POINT-GUMNO

Colectiva en Youth Cultural Center, Skopje, Macedonia
 
     
IV CHINESE FEMALE VIDEOARTISTS FESTTIVAL: CUERNAVACA-KUNMING

Talks and screenings in different venues
Cuernavaca, Morelos

 
     


SANYA REVISITED

My Slow Life video, made in Macedonia, as part of
A Tiny Art Festival in Sanya
Tokio, Japan

 

 
     

PULSE

Group Show from heartsofglass.net project
Glas Museum, Frauenau, Bayern, Germany

 

 
     

ARTERÍA CHAPTER 2
Creative processes

ArteObrera, Mexico City

 

 
     
 

LOST ILLUSIONS/ILLUSIONS PERDUES

Collaboration for Sarah Pierce: Scene of the Myth
Irish Modern Art Museum

 

 
     
LUIS CAMNITZER: MONUMENTS TO UNKNOWN HEROES

Group show led by  Luis Camnitzer.
Contemporary Art center Cincinnatti, USA

 

 
     
LOOKING FOR A HEART

heartsoglass.net

 

 
     

XIV FESTIVAL INTERNACIONAL DE CINE AL ESTE

Jury

Lima, Peru

 

 
     
PUTTING UP THE BODY, VIDEO AND PHOTOPERFORMANCE IN FEMINIST ART

Workshop
Centro Cultural de España en Costa Rica

 
     
YUENIANG SHAN

Solo show
Confucius Institute in Costa Rica University

 
     
JADE AND STEEL

Video Festival, exhibition and lecture on Chinese contemporary artists
Confucius Institute in Costa Rica University

 
     
UNFOLDINGS

Group show, Bank of Mexico Museum

 
     
CONTEMPORARY PRINTMAKING IN MEXICO AND JAPAN EXHIBITION. NARITA 2023

MORI x MORI, Narita, Japan

 
     
PINK

Group show in Le Chalet Art Museum, Wuhan, China

 
     
CONTINGENCIA

Pandemic video program screening
Las Cuevas Art Residency, Argentina

 

 
     
GUTS NEEDED TO BE A FEMINIST ARTIST

Online lecture on my work
Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro

 
     
SUMMING UP A FEMINIST ART PRACTICE: ELIZABETH ROSS

Lecture on my work
Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro

 
     
ART AND FEMINISM IN THE 7 CORNERS

Course
Centro Queretano de la Imagen, Querétaro, Mx.

 
     
THIS IS THE CENTER OF THE WORLD
ELIZABETH ROSS AT PROYECTOS TIKAL

Solo show
Casa Tikal, Cuernavaca, Morelos

 
     
 STRETCHING TIME, OR HOW TO AVOID FALLING IN HYSTERIA, MORELOS STATION
A PARTICIPATORY EXHIBITION ON AGEING BY  ELIZABETH ROSS

Cuernavaca City Museum

 
     

THE GARDEN OF THAT HALF OF THE WORLD

Keynote conference for the First Colloquium of Studies on China
Metropolitan Autonomous University, campus Iztapalapa, Mexico City.

 
     
FEMINISM, CHINA CONTEMPORARY ART INVITATIONAL EXHIBITION

Big House1915, Wuhan, Hubei, China

 
     
HELLO WORLD¡ THE CHINA OF WOMEN, a 4 lectures series
MENTAL MAPS, Hu Yinping, Quan Bao y Zhang Dan artworks
Inside of the vase, Chinese videoartists

Aula Magna, Galería Espacio Alternativo y Galería Espacio Binario
CENART, Ciudad de México.
 
     
2022    
     
COIDADOS, VULNERABILIDADES E DEPENDENCIAS, OLLADAS DESDE OS FEMINISMOS
Curator: Anxela Caramés.

Museo Provincial do Mar, San Cibrao, Cervo, Lugo. Galicia, España. 

 
     
WE ARE ALIVE! ARTIVISM AND GENRE IN MEXICO CITY
Group show
Curators:Karen Cordero & Cecilia Noriega

50 Festival Cervantino, Alhóndiga de Granaditas, Guanajuato.

 
     
NOTLALLO

Museo de Arte Indígena Contemporáneo
Cuernavaca, Morelos
 
     
VERDE VIOLETA, FEMINISMS IN MORELOS

Group Show, Jardín Borda, Cuernavaca, Morelos
 
     

CONTINGENCIA

Presencial screening and chat
Valle de Bravo, Edomex.

 

 
     


TERCER FESTIVAL DE VIDEOARTISTAS CHINAS

Morelos Cinema
Cuernavaca. Morelos

 

 
     
CONTEMPORARY PRINTS FROM MEXICO AND JAPAN

Sasebo City Museum Shimanose Art Center,
Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japón
 
     
MEXICAN CONTEMPORARY PRINTS

O Gallery, Tokio, Japan

 
     


CONTINGENCIA, THE PANDEMIC EXPERIENCE VIDEOPROGRAM

Screening
1903 Space, Kunming, Yunnan, China.

 

 
     


CHINESE FEMALE ART SINCE1989 TO 2021

Lecture for Diplomado del Programa Universitario de Estudios
sobre Asia y África, UNAM

 

 
     
SUMMARY OF A FEMINIST ARTISTIC PRACTICE

For Diplomado Internacional de Arte y Género, UNAM

 
     
GERMINAR SIN FIN | MIGRACIONES PEDAGÓGICAS

Colaboration with isidro López-Aparicio.
Museo Lázaro Galdiano, Madrid, Spain
 
     
2021     
OUR DAILY CORN

Solo show
Museo de Arte e Historia de Guanajuato
León, Gto.

 
     
THE MISTS OF JIANGHAN

Wuhan Public Art Museum Group Show 

 
     
XIAO LU: CONTEMPORARY ART PIONEER

Lecture. Universidad de Baja California campus Mexicali Arts Faculty. 

 
     
 

XIANG JING, PENG WEI & HU YINPING

Lecture for Costa Rica University

 

 
     

CENCALLI, HOME OF MAIZ AND FOOD CULTURE

My Mazorcas mural in the permanent colection of the new museum.
Centro Cultural Los Pinos, Mexico City
 
     

MEXICO-JAPAN CONTEMPORARY PRINT EXHIBITION

Tsurumi Gallery, Kanagawa, Japan

 

 
     
 

BETWEEN BEYOND

Sonic piece for Yvonne Brückner and Simone Fezer exhibition

Galerie Q  für Kunst Schorndorf, Germany

 
     
III CONFERENCE ON ART AND GENDER

Lecturer on Chinese women artists and presenter of Yuan Shuling video artwork

 

 
     
LA PALABRA Y EL HOMBRE (WORD AND MAN)

Presenting, along with scholar Radina Dimitrova, this issue dedicated to China of the famous magazine published by Veracruz Culture Institute.

 
     
LA SOMBRA (DE LA VIOLENCIA) | THE SHADOW (OF VIOLENCE)
TRES ARTISTAS CHINAS | THREE CHINESE ARTISTS

Curator. Museo CAV La Neomudejar's Cineclub
Madrid, España.

 

 
     
WHAT MAKES ART TO BE FEMINIST?

Lecture for the Creative Disobidience Seminar, UNAM

 
     
CHINA
EXPOSICIÓN DE ARTE CONTEMPORÁNEO

Article published in Art magazine El Rizo Robado

 

 
     

THE VIDEOPERFORMANCE 2021

Sí≠No screened at Art Web Gallery, Centro d’Arte Mediale video exhibition. Paola Zucchello, curator.

 

 
     
 

A talk with the director of the MASM, Museo de Arte de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos and Angie Bonino, ARCITEC -Peru coordinator.

 

 
     
THIRD CHINESE WOMEN VIDEO ARTISTS FESTIVAL

Baja California State Art Centre in Mexicali

 
     
II FESTIVAL DE VIDEOARTE CAJAMARCA 2021

Video presentation for this Peruvian Festival: Y seguirán naciendo...., Insomnio, Sin Filo|Líneas de la mano 3 and Todos los días son hoy|Líneas de la mano 4
 
     
COVID / COVIDSHAN
INNER LANDSCAPES DIARY

Solo show
Ink and natural pigments on paper artworks made during infamous 2020
Museo de la Ciudad de Querétaro
 
     
THIRD CHINESE WOMEN VIDEO ARTISTS FESTIVAL

Curator
Extraordinary pandemic presentation
Museo de la Ciudad de Querétaro
 
     
CHINA, CONTEMPORARY ART EXHIBITION

Curator
Museo de la Ciudad de Querétaro
 
     
ART & FEMINISM

Online course in collaboration with Costa Rica Women Museum
 
   
2020  
LIVING CARTOGRAPHIES
Presentation of the Argentinian project by Mercedes Fidanza
and Paula Arellano Immigrant Borders
   
EL OJO OPORTUNO FEMINISTA
Nómada, las mujeres se mueven video screening
Filmoteca de la UNAM
   
GANDHI– PPNRCD
Video screening of La Ciudad en la memoria
151th Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi @ Birla Academy of Art & Culture Kolkata, India
Curated by Wilfried Agricola de Cologne
   
BIOCENE

Museo de la Cancillería group show
Curator: Jeannette Betancourt

 

 

 

TODAY'S CHINESE WOMEN ART

Online lecture for the Confucius Institute in the Costa Rica University

   
OUR DAILY MAIZE, A DIALOG BETWEEN PAST AND PRESENT
ON CORN

Museo del Pueblo de Guanajuato
Festival Internacional Cervantino
   

9+9 : MEXICAN NOTES ON CHINESE NOTEBOOKS
+ MEXICAN VIDEOART.
Curator and artist

Collaboration with the Mexican Embassy in China for the Beijing Week Design, 751 Park

 

   

ART AND FEMINISM

online course

 

   
存在 (2) |EXISTENCE 2, INTERNATIONAL FEMINIST ONLINE EXHIBITION

 Seemefeelmetouchmehealme screening, curated by Zhen Guo

 

   
CONTINGENCY

Video curating and production. Published in Museo de las Mujeres de Costa Rica, Corona! Shutdown!, El Rizo Robado and screened at Waterpieces International Contemporary and Video Art Festival de Riga, Letonia

   
INTERVENCIÓN: ÍNDIGO CDMX

Collaboration with Laura Anderson Barbata, as the Orisha Olokun in her closing exhibition at MUCA Roma performance.

January 18 2020

   
2019  
SHORT(S) PETTING

Sharpless (hand lines 3), and Reclaiming the ground video screening at Kino Klub Split, Split, Croacia
   
MADE OUT OF MAIZE
Clay workshop for women

Tlaxcalancingo, Puebla
   
WOMEN'S VIDEOART

Lecture at Tlanezacalli, San Andrés Cholula Culture House, Puebla

   

BOUNDLESS ENCOUNTERS
HANGZHOU TRIENNAL OF FIBER AR
T
International Symposium

Round table. Zhejiang Art Museum, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China 

   
STRETCHING TIME (OR HOW TO AVOID FALLING IN HYSTERIA). A PARTICIPATORY EXHIBITION ON AGEING BY  ELIZABETH ROSS

Azcapotzalco Culture House, Mexico City

   
CROSS-MEDIA NATURE OF VIDEO ART: CREATION AND CURATION

Lecture at the Experimental Arts Department of the
Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts, Chongqing, China

 

   

THE ROLE OF FEMALE WOMEN ARTISTS IN CONTEMPORARY MEXICO

Lecture at the Art History and Humanities Department of the Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts, Chongqing, China

   
MEXICAN CERAMIC ART

Lecture at the Art History and Humanities Department of the
Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts, Chongqing, China

   
MEXICO: WOMEN IN ART | CONTEMPORARY MEXICAN ARTISTS

Lecture at the Contemporary Art Department of the
Luxun Academy of Fine Arts, Shenyang, Liaoniang, China

   
TEMPORARY GARDEN | TIGER LILY AND AGAVE
Mexico artists video/film screening program and lecture

Animation Department of the Jiangxi Normal University College of Fine Arts Nanchang, Jiangxi and CHAO Art Center, Beijing, China

   
TEMPORARY GARDEN | TIGER LILY AND AGAVE
China and Mexico Contemporary Art Exhibition

Mexico Curator and artist
SNARTE Space, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

   
OZARIO, OTHER JOURNEYS CARTOGRAPHIES
Group show

Museo de la Cancillería, Mexico City
   
ARTE POÉTICA Orgánica Contemporánea
Group show

Be Gallery
Plaza San Jacinto, San Ángel México City
   
CROSING THE BRIDGE BETWEEN MEXICO AND CHINA
Contempor
ary art exhibition

Curator
Museo de la Cancillería, Mexico City

   
PUBLIC PRESENTATION OF ASIDEROS EN EL VACÍO VIDEO DOCUMENTAL
made for Saúl Kaminer.

Centro Cultural Bella Época, Ciudad de México.

   
I KNOW WHO YOU ARE (I'VE BEEN WATCHING YOU)

Installation on 45 trees, as part of the nature's interventions circuit named Reencounters. Curator: Jeannette Betancourt.

La Compañía, Cuadrilla de Dolores, Estado de México
   
BINDING OF YEARS

Mexican female artists interviews on ageing by Elizabeth Ross
Screening at  Commented Films series by Multimedia Center.
Museo de la Ciudad, México City
   

OLD AGE IS OURS
PHOTOGRAPHY BY VIDA YOVANOVICH AND ELIZABETH ROSS

MUMA, Museo de Mujeres Artistas Mexicanas
 

   
NOTLALLO

Ceramics solo exhibition.
Museo de Arte Popular, Mexico City
   
OUT OF CLAY WE ARE CREATED

Chinese artists Lili Sun solo exhibition
Curator: Elizabeth Ross

La Buena Estrella Gallery, Mexico City

   
COMMUNICATING MIRRORS
Review of video art projects

Comments on pioneering video art made by Mexican female artists,
with Cynthia Pech and Tania Villanueva.
 Multimedia Center, National Centre for the Arts, Mexico City
   
STRETCHING TIME (OR HOW TO AVOID FALLING IN HYSTERIA). A PARTICIPATORY EXHIBITION ON AGEING BY  ELIZABETH ROSS

Metro Museum, Women's Time Festival, Mexico City.

   

RECLAIMING THE GROUND

Solo exhibition at Liliput Gallery, Puebla city.

 

   


ASIDEROS EN EL VACÍO

A 22' video documental on the painting and sculpture artworks by Mexican artist Saúl Kaminer.
 

   
2018  

OUTSIDE THE GARDEN: CONTEMPORARY CHINESE FEMALE ARTISTS

A book on 14 Chinese female artists, ready to be printed

MILES DE BROTES / THOUSANDS OF SPROUTS / MILHARES DE BROTOS
 

A global, virtual exhibition for November 25, 2018
Co-curator along with Beth Moysés and Marisa González

   


FLOATING WORLD, INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF CONTEMPORARY ART

Walter Bergmoser & Liu Fan, curators.
 Xuanzhi Art Museum, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

 

   
THE SILK BRIDGE: CHINA DAUGHTERS MULTIPLE LIVES

A lecture, screenings from the Chinese Videoartists festivals and Exhibition China-Costa Rica held in Veritas University and Costa Rica University.
   
STRETCHING TIME
AN EXHIBITION ON AGEING BY DE ELIZABETH ROSS

A collective show including curated artwork published in issue 25 of Hysteria! magazine and personal artworks regarding the getting old fact.
Querétaro City Museum.
   
LOOKING CLOSELY AT OUR AGEING IN HYSTERIA!
A paper published in Discurso Visual (Visual Discourse No. 42, the magazine belonging to Cenidiap, Centro Nacional de Investigación, Documentación e Información de las Artes Plásticas.
   
PIEL (SKIN), MEXICAN CONTEMPORARY ART

Group show at the Chancellery  Museum, Mexico City
   
INSOMNIA & ELEMENTAL QUESTIONS.
Independent Film and Videoart Show. Querétaro City Museum.

THIS TRANSIT (PREMIER)
Umbral Art Space. Buenos Aires, Argentina

   

 CONTEMPORARY CHINESE WOMEN AND GENRE AWARENESS

Project awarded with a Research Grant by China-Mexico Studies Centre,
Economy Faculty of the National Autonomus University of Mexico, UNAM

   

BIRDWATCHING

Collaboration for artist Paul Guy's project, curated by Anxela Caramés
as part of Reb/Veladas na Paisaxe, Ciudade da Cutura.
Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.

   
FEMALE ARTISTS IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA

Lecture at China-Mexico Studies Center, belonging to the Economy Faculty of UNAM, Autonomus National University of Mexico, Mexico City

   
MEXICO: WOMEN IN ART | FEMALE ARTISTS VIDEO PROGRAM

Presenting the video work of 14 contemporary Mexican artists as inaugural activity of
SEMI-SPACE Gallery at T3 International Art District, Beijing, China
Publications here and here

   
RESIDENCY AT STUDIO GALLERY   
MEXICO: WOMEN IN ART | FEMALE ARTISTS VIDEO PROGRAM

OPEN STUDIO
Presenting the video work of 14 contemporary Mexican artists.
Studio Gallery, Shanghai, China.

Publications here and here

   
MEXICO: WOMEN IN ART | CONTEMPORARY MEXICAN ARTISTS

Lecture presenting actual scene of  Mexican Contemporary Art at Art23 Gallery, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Publication here.

   
MEXICAN CERAMICS, A HISTORICAL TOUR
Lecture held at the Ceramics Department at Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, GAFA.
HOW TO BUILD A PAPER KILN Workshop for students and teachers of the Ceramics Department at Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, GAFA. Guangdong, China
Publications here and here.
   
MARCOS KURTYCZ, THE DEATH OF A PRINTER

Presenting the book by her daughter and talking about the artist's life and art practice.
Galería Metropolitana, Mexico City.

   
FEMINISM AND VISUALITIES

Conversation among peers on how art and feminism integrate in the creative process . Metropolitan Autonomus University, UAM Xochimilco, CDMX

 

   
CENTRAL KINGDOM DAUGHTERS, CONTEMPORARY CHINESE ARTISTS

Lecture at Voces en Tinta, Mexico City.

 
   
CHILDHOOD

On childhood, future and home.
For La Casa de María Hernández exhibition at the Justice Mexican Institute,
Mexico City
   
WOMEN VIDEOART IN MEXICO

Lecture on Mexican feminist videoart,  Sala de Arte Público Siqueiros, Mexico City.

   
THE FEMINIST ART PROJECT

Becomes Coordinator for Mexico of this international Feminist Project leaded by
Rutgers University.

feministartproject.rutgers.edu

   
CENTRAL KINGDOM DAUGHTERS, CONTEMPORARY CHINESE ARTISTS

Lecture at la Esmeralda, Painting, Sculpture and Engraving  National School
at the National Center for the Arts, Mexico City
 

   
EL MURO | THE WALL

Collaborated with artist Chun Hua Catherine Dong in a performance on migration and its laws.
Querétaro City Museum.

http://chunhuacatherinedong.com/portfolio/the-wall/
   
LOOKING OUR AGEING

Guest Editor for Hysteria! online magazine to direct and edit its 25 Issue. It extended through three months, with almos 70 collaborations from Mexico and abroad.

www.hysteria.mx
 

   
2017  
PUT YOURSELF IN THE OTHER'S SHOES

Part of a series of photographs made to found abandoned shoes as they were in situ.
A bodywork confronting the continuous disappearance of women.
For Trouble Diaries: A political statement, international exhibition in Big House 1915, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
OVER THE SLATES

Collaboration with Wax artcraft master Graciela Ramírez  for  Arte/Sano.05
exhibition at the Folk Arts Museum, México City, Caja Real Culture Centre, San Luis Potosí, PAPE Museum, Monclova, Coahuila.
SECOND CHINESE VIDEOARTISTS FESTIVAL | 第二届中国女性艺术家录像艺术节,  墨西哥 2017

Along 4 months was presented in: Centro de Cultura Digital, Clavecine and Punto Gozadera in Mexico City. Querétaro City Museum, Chihuahua  and Centro Cívico Smart, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua.


EL DEVENIR

A set of photographies for an interdisciplinary project by artist Jeannette Betancourt
Presentation and talk In SCHP Art Museum, México City

EL QUINTO MURO | THE FIFTH WALL

Coproduction and codirection of Mario Palacios Kaim videos El Quinto Muro and El Quinto Muro-el libro, Presented at Centro Cultural Bella Época.
Reclaiming the ground
is published as part of the interventions made at El Quinto Muro, the book.
With photos by Ricardo Garibay.

 
photos, design & content, elizabeth ross© 2002-22 except when noted